1943

Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century

Decades: 1890s 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s

Years: 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 - 1943 - 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948

• January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China.
• January 14 - Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to travel by airplane while in office (Miami, Florida to Morocco to meet with Winston Churchill to discuss World War II).
• January 15 - World War II: Japanese driven off Guadalcanal
• January 15 - The world's largest office building, The Pentagon, is dedicated (Arlington, Virginia).
• January 18 - World War II: Soviet officials announce they have broken the Nazi siege of Leningrad.
• January 18 - The first uprising of Jews in the Warsaw ghetto
• January 23 - World War II: British forces capture Tripoli from the Nazis.
• January 24 - World War II: Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill conclude a conference in Casablanca.
• January 27 - World War II: 50 bombers mount the first all American air raid[?] against Germany (Wilhelmshaven was the target).
• February 1 - World War II: Vidkun Quisling appointed Premier of Norway[?] by the Nazi occupiers
• February 2 - World War II: End of the Battle of Stalingrad in Russia.
• February 7 - World War II: In the United States it is announced that shoe rationing will go into effect in two days.
• February 8 - World War II: Battle of Kursk - the Russian army captures the city
• February 8 - World War II: Battle of Guadalcanal - United States forces defeat Japanese troops.
• February 11 - General Eisenhower is selected to command the allied armies in Europe.
• February 14 - World War II:Rostov[?], Russia is liberated.
• February 14 - World War II: The Battle of the Kasserine Pass[?] - German General Erwin Rommel and his Afrika Korps launch an offensive against Allied defenses in Tunisia; it is the United States' first major battle defeat of the war
• February 16 - World War II: Russia reconquers Kharkov
• February 18 - The Nazis arrest the members of the White Rose movement
• February 20 - American movie studio executives agree to allow the Office of War Information[?] to censor movies
• February 22 - Members of White Rose are executed in Nazi Germany.
• March 2 - World War II: Battle of the Bismarck Sea[?] - United States and Australian forces sink Japanese convoy ships
• March 3 - 173 people are killed in a crush while trying to enter an air-raid shelter at Bethnal Green tube station in London.
• March 8 - World War II: American forces are attacked by Japanese troops on Hill 700 in Bougainville in a battle that will last five days.
• March 13 - World War II: In Bougainville, Japanese troops end their assault on American forces at Hill 700.
• March 26 - World War II: Battle of Komandorski Islands[?] - In the Aleutian Islands the battle begins when United States Navy forces intercept Japanese attempting to reinforce a garrison at Kiska[?].
• April 22 - Albert Hofmann writes his first report about the hallucinogenic properties of LSD, which he first synthesized in 1938 [1] (http://www.psychedelic-library.org/hofmann.htm).
• April 25 - Easter occurs on the latest possible date. Last time 1886 next time 2038.
• May 11 - World War II: American troops invade Attu in the Aleutian Islands in an attempt to expel occupying Japanese forces.
• May 13 - World War II: German Afrika Korps and Italian troops in North Africa surrender to Allied forces.
• May 16 - World War II: The Dambuster Raids by RAF 617 Sqdn on German dams.
• May 16 - Holocaust: The Warsaw Ghetto uprising ends.
• May 17 - World War II: Surviving RAF Dam Busters return.
• May 17 - The United States Army contracts with the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School to develop the ENIAC.
• May 24 - Holocaust: Josef Mengele becomes chief medical officer in Auschwitz.
• July 5 - World War II: Battle of Kursk - The largest tank battle in history begins.
• July 5 - World War II: An Allied invasion fleet sails to Sicily.
• July 10 - World War II: The Allies land in Sicily
• July 25 - In Italy the Gran Consiglio del Fascismo retires its consent to Mussolini; Mussolini is arrested and the power is given to Maresciallo d'Italia Gen. Pietro Badoglio.
• September 3 - Italy is invaded by the Allied forces during World War II
• September 8 - Maresciallo d'Italia Gen. Pietro Badoglio subscribes the armistice with Allied troops.
• November 2 - British troops, in Italy, reach the Garigliano River
• December 24 - US General Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes the supreme Allied commander.
• December 30 - Chandra Bose[?] raises the flag of Indian independence at Port Blair[?].
• Development of the Colossus computer by British to break German encryption (see History of computing).

Art, Culture & Fashion

• 1943 in film
  • For Whom the Bell Tolls
  • Heaven Can Wait
  • Madame Curie
• 1943 in literature
  • The Nature and Destiny of Man by Reinhold Niebuhr
  • Adam of the Road by Elizabeth Janet Gray[?]
• 1943 in music
  • January 23 - Duke Ellington plays at New York City's Carnegie Hall for the first time.
  • Oklahoma! the musical premieres
• 1943 in sports[?]
  • December 13, Ferguson Jenkins, born
• 1943 in television
  • December 23 - The first complete opera, Hansel and Gretel[?], is telecast, by WRGB in Schenectady.
  • The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is formed

Births

• January 2 - Baris Manco, Turkish celebrity
• January 4 - Doris Kearns Goodwin[?], writer
• January 10 - Jim Croce, singer (+ 1973)
• January 11 - Jim Hightower, radio host, author
• January 12 - Ray Manzarek[?], keyboardist for The Doors
• January 19 - Janis Joplin, blues singer
• January 19 - Princess Margriet of the Netherlands
• January 24 - Sharon Tate, actress (+ 1969)
• January 25 - Tobe Hooper[?], director
• January 30 - Marty Balin[?], musician
• February 3 - Blythe Danner, actress
• February 5 - Nolan Bushnell, video game pioneer
• February 5 - Craig Morton[?], American football star
• February 6 - Fabian Forte[?], singer
• February 7 - Gareth Hunt[?]. actor
• February 9 - Joe Pesci[?], actor
• February 10 - Frank-Patrick Steckel[?], theater director
• February 11 - Ian Cameron[?], British brigadier
• February 14 - Maceo Parker, musician (P-Funk)
• February 15 - Elke Heidenreich[?], journalist and writer
• February 18 - Graeme Garden, writer, comedian, actor
• February 19 - Mama Cass Elliot[?], singer
• February 20 - Mike Leigh[?], director
• February 21 - David Geffen[?], producer
• February 23 - Fred Biletnikoff[?], American football star, coach
• February 24 - George Harrison, musician, member of The Beatles
• March 8 - Lynn Redgrave, actress
• March 9 - Bobby Fischer, chess player
• March 15 - David Cronenberg, director
• March 22 - Bruno Ganz[?], actor
• March 26 - Bob Woodward, journalist
• March 29 - Evangelos Odysseas Papathanassiou, aka Vangelis, new age musician
• March 29 - Eric Idle, actor, writer, composer
• March 29 - John Major, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
• March 31 - Christopher Walken, actor
• May 8 - Toni Tennille[?], singer
• May 14 - Jack Bruce, bass guitarist
• May 22 - Betty Williams[?], politician, recipient of the 1976 Nobel Prize for Peace
• May 23 - John Newcombe[?], tennis player
• May 31 - Joe Namath[?] (Pro American Football Hall of Famer: quarterback)
• May 31 - Sharon Gless[?] (actress)
• June 17 - Newt Gingrich, United States politician
• July 4 - Geraldo Rivera, reporter, talk show host
• August 17 - Robert De Niro, United States actor
• August 30 - Jean-Claude Killy, skier
• September 11 - Gilbert Proesch, artist, half of Gilbert and George
• October 2 - Franklin Rosemont, co-founder of the Surrealist Movement in the United States[?]
• November 7 - Joni Mitchell, musician
• December 8 - James Douglas Morrison, later known as Jim Morrison, American singer, songwriter and poet.

Deaths

• January 5 - George Washington Carver, educator, activist, botanist
• January 23 - Alexander Woolcott[?], bon vivant
• February 14 - David Hilbert, mathematician
• March 28 - Sergei Rachmaninov, composer and pianist
• May 26 - Edsel Ford
• August 28 - King Boris III of Bulgaria

Nobel Prizes

• Physics - Otto Stern[?]
• Chemistry - George de Hevesy[?]
• Medicine - Henrik Carl Peter Dam, Edward Adelbert Doisy[?] 1939 - Gerhard Domagk[?]
• Literature - not awarded
• Peace - not awarded