January 9

January 9 is the 9th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 356 days remaining (357 in leap years).

Events

• 1760 - Afghans defeat Marathas[?] in Battle of Barari Ghat[?]
• 1768 - Philip Astley[?] stages the first modern circus (London)
• 1788 - Connecticut becomes the fifth state to join the United States
• 1793 - Jean-Pierre Blanchard[?] becomes the first to fly in a balloon in the United States
• 1806 - Lord Horatio Nelson is buried in St. Paul's Cathedral
• 1839 - The French Academy of Science[?] announces the Daguerreotype photography process.
• 1861 - Mississippi becomes the second state to secede from the Union, preceding the American Civil War.
• 1878 - Humbert I becomes King of Italy
• 1894 - New England Telephone and Telegraph[?] installs the first battery-operated telephone switchboard in Lexington, Massachusetts
• 1894 - William Kennedy Laurie Dickson copyrights the first motion picture
• 1912 - Marines invade Honduras
• 1923 - Juan de la Cierva makes first autogiro flight
• 1929 - The Seeing Eye is established with the mission to train dogs to assist the blind (Nashville, Tennessee).
• 1937 - The first issue of Look magazine[?] goes on sale in the United States.
• 1945 - The United States invades Luzon in the Philippines
• 1951 - United Nations headquarters officially opens in New York City.
• 1956 - First "Dear Abby" column appears in newspapers
• 1960 - Construction of the Aswan Dam begins in Egypt
• 1972 - RMS Queen Elizabeth is destroyed by fire (Hong Kong harbor[?]).
• 1984 - Clara Peller is featured in the "Where's the Beef?" commercial campaign for Wendy's Restaurants for the first time.
• 1986 - After losing a patent battle with Polaroid, Kodak leaves the instant camera business.
• 1991 - The Soviets storm Vilnius to stop Lithuanian independence.
• 1991 - Pete Rose is banned from the Baseball Hall of Fame
• 1995 - Valeri Poliakov[?] completes 366 days in space while aboard the Mir space station, breaking a duration record.
• 1996 - Sun Microsystems announced the formation of JavaSoft[?]
• 2002 - The United States Department of Justice announces it is going to pursue a criminal investigation of Enron.

Births

• 1554 - Gregory XV, Pope (+ 1623)
• 1574 - Christoph Buel[?], composer
• 1620 - Johann Weichmann[?], composer
• 1695 - John E Loovens[?], lawyer
• 1699 - Robert J Pothier[?], French lawyer[?]
• 1728 - Thomas Warton, poet laureate of England
• 1748 - Stefan Paluselli[?], composer
• 1790 - Per Daniel Amadeus Atterbom[?], Swedish poet
• 1811 - Gilbert Abbott a Beckett, writer
• 1815 - William Jackson[?], composer
• 1820 - Pavel Krizkovsky[?], composer
• 1829 - Thomas William Robertson[?], English playwright
• 1829 - Adolf von Schlagintweit[?], German explorer
• 1839 - John Knowles Paine[?], composer
• 1843 - Christiaan A Ulder[?], composer
• 1851 - Giuseppi Gallignani[?], composer
• 1851 - Luis Coloma[?], Spanish Jesuit writer, theologian
• 1856 - Anton Askerc[?], priest, poet
• 1856 - Lizette Woodworth Reese[?], poet
• 1856 - Stevan Mokranjac[?], composer
• 1857 - Henry B. Fuller[?], writer
• 1859 - Carrie Lane Chapman Catt[?], women's rights leader, founder of the League of Women Voters[?]
• 1859 - Frederik Pijper[?], Dutch vicar, church historian
• 1864 - Vladimir Andreevich Steklov, Russian mathematician
• 1866 - Albert Baertsoen[?], Flemish painter, etcher
• 1867 - Jacques Urlus[?], Dutch opera singer
• 1870 - Joseph B Strauss[?], civil engineer, builder of the Golden Gate Bridge
• 1873 - Hayyim Nahman Bialik[?], Hebrew poet, translator
• 1875 - Gertrude Whitney[?], sculptor (+ 1942)
• 1876 - Hans Bethge[?], writer
• 1879 - John Broadus Watson[?], behaviorist psychologist
• 1881 - Lascelles Abercrombie, English poet, critic
• 1881 - Giovanni Papini[?], Italian, writer
• 1890 - Karel Capek, Czech writer (+ 1938)
• 1890 - Kurt Tucholsky, German journalist, writer, satirist, social critic (+ 1935)
• 1891 - August Gailit[?], Estonian, writer
• 1894 - Henryk Stazewski[?], Polish abstract painter, graphic artist
• 1897 - Luis Gianneo[?], composer
• 1898 - Gracie Fields[?], English music hall/vaudeville performer (+ 1979)
• 1899 - Alexander Tcherepnin[?], composer
• 1900 - Joseph Frederick Wagner[?], composer
• 1901 - Chic Young[?], cartoonist (Blondie[?]) (+ 1973)
• 1902 - Rudolph Bing[?], opera manager (New York Metropolitan Opera)
• 1904 - George Balanchine, dancer, choreographer, ballet producer (+ 1983) (O.S.)
• 1908 - Simone de Beauvoir, author (+ 1986)
• 1911 - Richard Selwyn Francis Schiling[?], professor of occupational health
• 1911 - Stafford William Somerfield[?], British newspaper editor
• 1912 - Ralph Tubbs[?], architect
• 1913 - Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States (+ 1994)
• 1913 - Lavad 'Dr Hepcat' Durst[?], musician
• 1913 - Peter John Norton[?], diplomat, artist
• 1914 - Kenny (Klook) Clarke[?], jazz drummer, composer
• 1914 - Gypsy Rose Lee, burlesque[?] actress
• 1915 - Fernando Lamas[?], actor (+ 1982)
• 1915 - Les Paul, guitarist, inventor
• 1916 - Vic Mizzy[?], orchestra leader
• 1917 - Herbert Lom[?], actor
• 1921 - Seymour Barab[?], composer
• 1921 - Patricia Highsmith, American novelist
• 1922 - Ahmed S�kou Tour�[?], President of Guinea
• 1922 - Har Gobind Khorana[?], biochemist (1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine)
• 1924 - Juli�n B Coco[?], guitarist, bassist
• 1925 - Lee Van Cleef, actor (+ 1989)
• 1925 - Abdelhamid Benhadugah[?], novelist
• 1928 - Judith Krantz[?], author
• 1928 - Domenico Modugno[?], musician
• 1929 - Heiner Muller[?], dramatist (+ 1995)
• 1931 - Algis Budrys, science fiction author
• 1931 - Geoffrey Wragg[?], British reorganizer
• 1933 - Sonia Garmers[?], author
• 1934 - Bart Starr[?], American football star
• 1935 - Bob Denver, actor
• 1935 - Dick Enberg[?], sportscaster
• 1935 - Kenneth 'Buddy' Scott[?], blues guitarist, singer
• 1936 - Peter Fletcher[?], music teacher
• 1937 - K Schlesinger[?], writer
• 1937 - Judith Krantz[?], author
• 1938 - Aad Kosto[?], theologian, actor, assistant Secretary of Justice of the Netherlands
• 1940 - Jimmy Boyd[?], actor, singer
• 1940 - Barbara Buczek, composer
• 1941 - Joan Baez, folk music singer, activist
• 1941 - Susannah York, actress
• 1943 - Dick Yount[?], rock musician
• 1943 - Kenneth Kelley[?], American singer
• 1943 - Rob Hoeke[?], pianist, singer
• 1944 - Scott Engel[?], singer
• 1944 - Jimmy Page, rock musician, guitarist ("Led Zeppelin")
• 1945 - Frank J. Biondi Jr.[?], president of HBO
• 1945 - Harun Farocki[?], actor, director
• 1946 - Leo Gullotta[?], actor
• 1948 - Paul King[?], musician (Blue Oyster Cult)
• 1950 - David Johansen[?] (Buster Poindexter[?]),singer
• 1950 - Rio Reiser, singer
• 1951 - Crystal Gayle[?], country music singer
• 1951 - Rosalyn Kind[?], , singer
• 1952 - Eveline L Herfkens[?], Dutch MP (PvdA)
• 1954 - Lance Hoppens[?], musician
• 1956 - David Smith[?], cricket player
• 1962 - Phil Lewis[?], musician
• 1965 - Carin Garbarra[?], football player
• 1965 - Cindy Brooks[?], rower
• 1965 - Joely Richardson[?], actress
• 1967 - Dave Matthews, singer, musician
• 1968 - Jimmy Adams[?], cricket player
• 1974 - Craig Wishart[?], cricketer
• 1978 - AJ McLean[?], singer ("Backstreet Boys")
• 2002 - Morgan Kay Beamer[?], daughter of Todd Beamer, who died on United Airlines flight 93

Deaths

• 1283 - Wu Tian Xiang[?] Chinese patriot, executed in Beijing.
• 1324 - Marco Polo, explorer
• 1499 - Johan Cicero[?], elector of Brandenburg
• 1677 - Aernout van der Neer[?], cartoonist, landscape painter
• 1679 - Werner Fabricius[?], composer
• 1798 - Pedro Pablo Abarca d Bolea[?], Spanish officer
• 1828 - Pieter Hoen[?], Dutch journalist, patriot
• 1843 - Caroline Herschel, astronomer
• 1849 - Jan Kops[?], agriculturist, vicar
• 1853 - Juan N Gallego[?], Spanish poet, interpreter
• 1854 - Filippo Traetta[?], composer
• 1863 - Ferdinand Huber[?], composer
• 1873 - Emperor Napoleon III of France
• 1878 - King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy
• 1879 - Don Joaquin BF Espartero[?], Field Marshal, viceroy of Navarre
• 1886 - Jakob Eduard Schmolzer[?], composer
• 1893 - Mohara[?], slave trader
• 1902 - Gustaaf Rolin-Jaequemyns[?], lawyer, Interior Minister of Belgium
• 1904 - Alfred Richard[?], cricketer
• 1908 - Abraham Goldfaden[?], Yiddish stage performer
• 1908 - Wilhelm Busch, writer
• 1911 - Edwin Arthur Jones[?], composer
• 1923 - Katherine Mansfield, writer
• 1927 - Houston S Chamberlain[?], race theorist
• 1929 - Heiner M�ller[?], writer
• 1930 - Edward W Buck[?], editor (Ladies Home Journal[?])
• 1931 - Claude Anet[?], French writer
• 1936 - John Gilbert, actor
• 1939 - Johann Strauss III[?], conductor
• 1941 - Ko Boezeman[?], Dutch resistance fighter
• 1943 - Robin Collingwood[?], philosopher
• 1946 - Countee Cullen[?], poet
• 1947 - Karl Mannheim, sociologist
• 1947 - Lambertus Zijl[?], sculptor
• 1949 - Amilcare Zanella[?], composer
• 1953 - Hans Aanrud[?], Norwegian author (Storken)
• 1957 - Mary Carr Moore[?], composer
• 1958 - Paul Fechter[?], German writer, historian
• 1959 - Paul Malengreau[?], composer
• 1962 - LeRoy B Shield[?], pianist, composer
• 1966 - Haro Levoni Step'anyan[?], composer
• 1968 - Louis-Fran�ois-Marie Aubert[?], composer
• 1969 - Ladislav Vycpalek[?], composer
• 1972 - Ted Shawn[?], dancer
• 1975 - John Slater[?], actor
• 1975 - Pierre Fresnay[?], actor
• 1977 - Alexey Kozlovsky[?], composer
• 1978 - Eddie Gilbert[?], cricketer
• 1979 - Avery Claflin[?], composer
• 1979 - Sara Carter, singer, guitarist
• 1981 - Kazimierz Serocki[?], composer
• 1984 - Wolfgang Staudte[?], director
• 1985 - Don Brennan[?], cricketer
• 1992 - Steve Brodie[?], actor
• 1992 - William JF Naughton[?], playwright
• 1994 - Silas Hogan[?], blues singer, guitarist,
• 1995 - Peter Cook, actor. satirist, writer, comedian
• 1995 - Souphanouvong, President of Laos
• 1996 - Mary Nadia Wadia[?], actress
• 1996 - Kurt Schmucker[?], Minister of Economy of Germany
• 1996 - Michael Lynn Synar[?], politician
• 1997 - Edward Osobka-Morawski[?], Prime Minister of Poland[?]
• 1997 - Jesse White[?], actor
• 1997 - Junaidu ibn Buhari[?], scholar
• 1998 - Kenichi Fukui[?], Nobel Prize for Chemistry[?], (1981[?])

Holidays and observances

• 1788 - Ratification Day[?] in Connecticut
• 1964 - Memorial day[?] of Patriotic Panamanians for the Panama Canal (Martyrs' Day/Dia de los Martires)
• Roman Catholic - Feast of St Adrian[?]
• Eastern Orthodox - Feast of Saint Theophan the Recluse

Sport

• 1977 - Super Bowl XI Oakland Raiders defeat Minnesota Vikings, 32-14

January 8 - January 10 - December 9 - February 9 - Historical anniversaries