for discovery of the Major histocompatibility complex genes which encode cell surface molecules important for the immune system's distinction between self and non-self
Black for the development of beta blockers and histamine-2 receptor blocker[?]; Elion and Hitchings for the development of drugs used in the treatment of cancer and the suppression of transplantation rejection; Hitchings for the development of various antibiotics
for the discovery that genes in eukaryotes are not contiguous strings but contain introns, and that the splicing of messenger RNA to delete those introns can occur in different ways, yielding different proteins from the same DNA sequence
Carlsson for proving that dopamine is a neurotransmitter in the brain whose depletion leads to symptoms of Alzheimer's disease; Greengard for showing how neurotransmitters act on the cell and can activate a central molecule known as DARPP-32[?]; Kandel for describing how short-term and long-term memory is formed on the molecular level
for establishing the precise order in which cells in the worm C. elegans divide and die, and for elucidating the process of programmed cell death or apoptosis
... or worse still, get old.
In addition to their irreverent behavior, flappers were known for their style, which largely emerged as a result of the musical style of ...