1852 - Studebaker Brothers wagon company, precursor of the automobile manufacturer, is established
1857 - The National Deaf Mute College (later renamed Gallaudet University) is established in Washington, DC becoming the first school for the advanced education of the deaf.
... et Partisans[?] (Français) (FTP or FTPF) – Formed by French communist[?] party and ended up as the military wing of Front National (see below).
Franc-Tireur[?] ...