List of Unix programs

Common utilities

• admin[?]
• alias - Alias one command to another, e.g. long commands to shorter ones
• anacron[?] - Periodic command scheduler
• anubis - Outgoing mail processor
• apt - Advanced front-end for dpkg
• ar - Maintain, modify, and extract from, archives
• asa
• at - Single-time command scheduler
• awk - A pattern scanning and processing language
• basename - Returns the final component of a path
• bash - Bourne Again SHell, the most common shell on *nix systems
• batch[?]
• bc - Calculator program
• bg[?]
• break[?] - End a loop
• bzip2 - Block-sorting file compressor
• c99[?]
• cal - Displays a calender
• cat - Concatenate files to standard output
• cd - Change the current working directory
• cflow[?]
• chgrp[?] - Change the group of a file or directory
• chmod - Change the permissions of a file or directory
• chown[?] - Change the owner of a file or directory
• cksum[?] - Print the CRC checksum and bytecount of a file
• cmp[?] - Compare two files byte for byte
• colon
• comm - Sort two files and compare them line for line
• command
• compress
• continue[?] - Skip the current iteration of a loop
• cp[?] - Copy a file or directory to another location
• crontab - Crontab file editor
• csplit[?] - Split a file into sections determined by context lines
• ctags[?]
• cut[?] - Remove sections from each line of a file or standard input
• cxref[?]
• daemonic[?] - Interface to daemon init scripts
• date - Print or set the system date and/or time
• dd[?] - Copy and convert a file
• debconf[?] - Package configuration management system
• delta
• df[?] - Report filesystem disk space
• diff - Compare two files line by line
• dirname[?] - Strip non-directory suffixes from a path
• dot[?]
• dpkg - The Debian package manager
• du[?] - Estimate space used on a filesystem
• echo - Print to standard output
• ed - Traditional Unix text editor
• env[?] - Run a program with modified environment variables
• eval[?]
• ex - Text editor, now often a symbolic link to vim
• exec[?]
• exit[?] - Cause the currently running shell script to exit
• expand[?]
• export[?] - Set environment variables for use for the entire duration of the session, unless changed
• expr[?]
• false - Do nothing and fail
• fc[?]
• fg[?]
• file - Determine the type of a file
• find[?] - Search for files through a directory hierarchy
• fink - The Fink package manager
• fold[?] - Wrap each input line to fit within the given width
• fort77[?] - Fortran 77 compiler
• fuser[?] - Identify processes by files or sockets
• galeon - Light-weight GNOME web browser
• gencat[?]
• get[?]
• getconf[?]
• getopts[?]
• gettext[?] - Message localization support
• grep - Print lines matching a pattern
• gzip - The gzip file compressor
• hash
• head - Output the first parts of a file
• iconv[?] - Convert the encoding of the specified files
• id - Print real/effective UIDs/GIDs
• ipcrm[?] - Remove a message queue, semaphore set or shared memory id
• ipcs[?] - Provide information on IPC facilities
• jobs[?]
• join[?] - Join lines of two files on a common field
• kill[?] - Terminate a process
• lex - Lexical scanner generator
• libiconv[?] - Character set conversion library
• link
• links - Console based web browser
• ln[?] - Link one file/directory to another
• locale[?] - Get locale specific information
• localedef[?] - Compile locale definitions
• logger[?] - Make entries in the system log
• logname[?] - Print user's login name
• lp[?]
• ls - List directory conents
• lynx - Console based web browser
• m4 - Macro language
• mailx[?] - Email sending utility
• make - Used to determine which parts of a package need recompiling
• man - Manual browser
• maxima - Symbol manipulation program
• mesg[?] - Control write access to your terminal
• mkdir - Make a directory
• mkfifo[?] - Make a named pipe
• more - Pager
• mozilla - Graphical cross platform web browser
• mv[?] - Move/rename a file or directory
• ncurses - Full-screen ascii drawing library
• newgrp[?] - Log in to a new group
• nice - Alter priorities for processes
• nl[?] - Number the lines of a file
• nm - List symbols from object files
• nohup[?] - Run a command with immunity to hangups outputting to non-tty
• od - Dump files in various formats, e.g. octal
• openssl[?] - Secure Sockets Layer and general crypto library
• passwd[?] - User and group entries for daemons
• paste - Merge lines of files
• patch - Change files based on a patch file
• pathchk[?] - Check the validity/portability of filenames
• pax
• pinepgp[?] - Filters which enables pine to use signed/encrypted email
• pr[?] - Convert text files for printing
• printf[?] - Format and print data
• prs[?]
• ps[?] - Report process status
• pwd - Print the current working directory
• qalter[?]
• qdel[?]
• qhold[?]
• qmove[?]
• qmsg[?]
• qrerun[?]
• qrls[?]
• qselect[?]
• qsig[?]
• qstat[?]
• qsub[?]
• read - Read from a channel
• readonly[?]
• renice[?] - Alter the priorities of an already running process
• return[?] - Return a value
• rm - Delete a file or directory
• rmdel[?]
• rmdir[?] - Delete a directory
• sact[?]
• samba - SMB and CIFS client and server for UNIX
• sccs[?]
• sed - Stream editor
• set - Read and write variables
• sh - Standard Unix shell, usually a symbolic link to bash
• sha-pm[?] - Perl interface to the NIST Secure Hash Algorithm
• shift[?]
• sleep - Delay for specified time
• sort - Sort lines of text files
• split - Split a file into pieces
• strings[?] - Print strings of printable characters found in a file
• strip[?] - Discard symbols from object files
• stty[?] - Change and print terminal line settings
• su[?] - Start a new process (defaults to shell) as a different user (defaults to root)
• tabs[?]
• tail - Output the tail end of files
• talk - Talk to another logged-in user
• tar - GNU tar - tape archiver
• tee[?] - Read from standard input, write to standard output and files
• test - Test an expression
• time - Time a command
• times[?]
• touch - Create a new file or update its modification time
• tput[?] - Initialize a terminal/query terminfo database
• tr[?] - Translate/delete characters
• trap
• true - Excel at doing nothing
• tsort[?] - Perform a topilogical sort
• tty[?] - Print filename of terminal connected to standard input
• type
• ulimit[?] - Get and set user limits
• umask[?] - Set file creation mask
• unalias[?] - Remove an alias
• uname - Print assorted system statistics
• uncompress[?]
• unexpand[?]
• unget[?]
• uniq
• unlink[?]
• unset[?]
• uucp[?]
• uudecode[?]
• uuencode[?]
• uustat[?]
• uux[?]
• uw-imapd-ssl[?] - Remote mail folder access server
• val[?]
• vi - Text editor
• vtun[?] - Virtual Tunnels over TCP/IP
• w3m - Pager/text-based WWW browser
• wait[?]
• wc[?] - Word/line/byte count
• wget[?] - Automatic web site retreiver
• what[?]
• who
• write[?]
• xargs[?]
• yacc
• yafc[?] - Enhanced ftp client, supporting ssh2 (sftp)
• zcat[?]
• zssh[?] - Program for transferring files using SSH

Desktops/Graphical User Interfaces

• Blackbox, and its variants (including Fluxbox and Waimea)
• CDE, Sun's GUI for Solaris
• GNOME
• KDE, the K Desktop Environment
• Mac OS X, Apple's NeXT-based GUI interface for a BSD kernel
• X Window System

Multimedia

• The GIMP, a powerful image manipulation package
• The X Multimedia System, media player

Database Servers

• DB2
• MySQL
• Oracle
• PostgreSQL
• Sybase

Database Clients

• Tora[?]

Network Services

• Apache httpd
• Apache tomcat
• fingerd
• telnetd
• SSH

Security Auditing

• tcpdump
• Ethereal
• ettercap[?]
• John the Ripper

Network Utilities

• ifconfig[?]
• ip[?]
• dhcpcd[?]
• ping
• pppd[?]

Filesystems

• ext2
• ext3
• reiserfs
• xfs
• jfs[?]
• ufs[?]

Filesystem Utilities

• ls
• mount
• fsck

Desktop Publishing

• Groff
• T_EX/LaTeX

Conversion

• nkf - convert Japanese characters