World Hockey Championship

The World Hockey Championship is an event put together by the IIHF, the International Ice Hockey Federation[?], since 1930. Originally, in Olympic Years, the Championships were decided at the Winter Olympics, except for 1972 and 1976. The last World Championships decided at an Olympiad were in Sarajevo in 1984.

In the early days of the Championships, teams from Canada dominated. Between 1930 and 1939, Canadian teams won 8 world championships. This was in spite of a different Canadian team every year, as in those days, Senior A amateur teams typically represented the Canadians.

The World War II years caused the championships to be delayed, and it wasn't until 1947, 8 years after the last one, that they were hosted again. Canada refused an invite to that tournament, as well as tournaments in 1953 and 1957, but nonetheless continued to dominate tournaments until after the 1961 WC's, as teams from Czechoslovakia, Sweden, and the Soviet Union became increasingly competitive.

Canadian officials began to feel the amateurs that represented Canada were not able to keep up with the European teams, who were capable of bringing their best players while retaining their amateur status, so in 1970, the IIHF allowed Canada to send 9 professionals among the available ranks of the National Hockey League and the rest of its minor professional leagues, as the tournaments were held during the playoffs only a handful of them could actually compete. However, these rules were later rescinded after officials produced many reciprocal claims against them. It upset the Canadians, who felt that they should be allowed to send their best players as well. Canada boycotted the World Championships for 7 years as a result, during which the IIHF moved the championships out of the Olympics in 1972 and 1976 in an attempt to bring back the Canadians.

During 1976, a new president of the IIHF finally took the ban off of professionals for everybody, and Canada would return the following year. It would take them until 1994, 33 years after their last one, before Canada would win another championship. Some of it was might've been due to the breakup of the Soviet Union, who dominated the WC's for 3 decades after Canada's dominance ended, and Czechoslovakia, which won in most of the years the Soviets didn't.

In recent championships, the former Czechoslovakia has faired quite well in international play, as they accounted for 4 straight world championships between 1999-2002. Canada regained their form in 2003 and won a 16th world championship.

The Playing Format
The modern format for the World Championships features a minimum of 40 teams. The main group features 16 teams split into 4 groups. The teams play each other in a round robin format, and the top 3 teams in each advance into another round of group play, this time with 2 groups of 6. After another robin round format, the top 4 teams in each advance into an 8 team knockout playoff, which eventually decides the championship.

The bottom team in the first groups will play in another group as well, this group will determine relegation. After round-robin format, the bottom two teams are usually relegated to the Division I. Japan typically does not get relegated, as the IIHF holds a "far-east qualifier" featuring them and China, the winner of it gets an automatic berth. China has yet to win a qualifier.

After the World Championship group are the two 6-team Division I groups. Those groups play in a round robin format and the winner of the respective groups are promoted to the world championship group, while the last place teams in each are demoted to Division II. Division II works similarly to Division I, the last place team in these groups are subject to a Division III, a qualifying group which determines entry into Division II the following season. No team can go lower than this.

Men's World Ice Hockey Champions:

• 1920 - Canada defeated the United States
• 1924 - Canada defeated the United States
• 1928 - Canada defeated Sweden
• 1930 - Canada defeated Germany
• 1931 - Canada defeated the United States
• 1932 - Canada defeated the United States
• 1933 - United States defeated Canada
• 1934 - Canada defeated the United States
• 1935 - Canada defeated Switzerland
• 1936 - Britain defeated Canada
• 1937 - Canada defeated Britain
• 1938 - Canada defeated Britain
• 1939 - Canada defeated the United States
• 1947 - Czechoslovakia defeated Sweden
• 1948 - Canada defeated Czechoslovakia
• 1949 - Czechoslovakia defeated Canada
• 1950 - Canada defeated the United States
• 1951 - Canada defeated Sweden
• 1952 - Canada defeated the United States
• 1953 - Sweden defeated Germany
• 1954 - Soviet Union defeated Canada
• 1955 - Canada defeated Soviet Union
• 1956 - Soviet Union defeated the United States
• 1957 - Sweden defeated Soviet Union
• 1958 - Canada defeated Soviet Union
• 1959 - Canada defeated Soviet Union
• 1960 - United States defeated Canada
• 1961 - Canada defeated Czechoslovakia
• 1962 - Sweden defeated Canada
• 1963 - Soviet Union defeated Sweden
• 1964 - Soviet Union defeated Sweden
• 1965 - Soviet Union defeated Czechoslovakia
• 1966 - Soviet Union defeated Czechoslovakia
• 1967 - Soviet Union defeated Sweden
• 1968 - Soviet Union defeated Czechoslovakia
• 1969 - Soviet Union defeated Sweden
• 1970 - Soviet Union defeated Sweden
• 1971 - Soviet Union defeated Czechoslovakia
• 1972 - Czechoslovakia defeated Soviet Union
• 1973 - Soviet Union defeated Sweden
• 1974 - Soviet Union defeated Czechoslovakia
• 1975 - Soviet Union defeated Czechoslovakia
• 1976 - Czechoslovakia defeated Soviet Union
• 1977 - Czechoslovakia defeated Sweden
• 1978 - Soviet Union defeated Czechoslovakia
• 1979 - Soviet Union defeated Czechoslovakia
• 1980 - Vacant
• 1981 - Soviet Union defeated Sweden
• 1982 - Soviet Union defeated Czechoslovakia
• 1983 - Soviet Union defeated Czechoslovakia
• 1984 - Vacant
• 1985 - Czechoslovakia defeated Canada
• 1986 - Soviet Union defeated Sweden
• 1987 - Sweden defeated Soviet Union
• 1988 - Vacant
• 1989 - Soviet Union defeated Canada
• 1990 - Soviet Union defeated Sweden
• 1991 - Sweden defeated Canada
• 1992 - Sweden defeated Finland
• 1993 - Russia defeated Sweden
• 1994 - Canada defeated Finland
• 1995 - Finland defeated Sweden
• 1996 - Czech Republic defeated Canada
• 1997 - Canada defeated Sweden
• 1998 - Sweden defeated Finland
• 1999 - Czech Republic defeated Finland
• 2000 - Czech Republic defeated Slovakia
• 2001 - Czech Republic defeated Finland
• 2002 - Slovakia defeated Russia
• 2003 - Canada defeated Sweden

The women's World Hockey Championship tournament is also governed by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). Official world competition was first held in 1990.

Women's World Ice Hockey Champions:

• 1990 - Canada defeated the United States
• 1992 - Canada defeated the United States
• 1994 - Canada defeated the United States
• 1997 - Canada defeated the United States
• 1999 - Canada defeated the United States
• 2000 - Canada defeated the United States
• 2001 - Canada defeated the United States
• 2003 - tournament scheduled for Beijing, China cancelled due to SARS outbreak.