Giant Panda

Its Chinese name means "bear-cat," and can also be read in reverse to mean the same thing. Its Western epithet is named after the Red Panda.

Despite being taxonomically a carnivore, its diet is overwhelmingly vegetarian. In fact, it lives almost entirely on bamboo, although, like most animals, pandas have been known to eat eggs, and they consume some insects along with their bamboo diet.

It is also distantly related to the Red Panda, but the shared name appears to derive from their common bamboo diet. Until its relation with Red Panda was discovered in 1901, the Giant Panda was known as parti-coloured bear.

Pandas are an endangered species, threatened by continued loss of their habitat and by a low birthrate, both in the wild and in captivity. The panda is the symbol of the World Wildlife Fund, a conservation organization (http://www.wwf.org (http://www.wwf.org)).

The panda has an unusual paw, with a "thumb" and five fingers; the "thumb" is actually a modified wrist-bone. (Stephen Jay Gould wrote an essay about this, then used the title The Panda's Thumb for a book of collected essays.)

It was first made known to the West in 1869 by the French missionary, Armand David (1826-1900). The Giant Panda has long been a favourite of the public, at least partly on account of the fact that the species has an appealing baby-like appearance that makes it seem to resemble a living teddy bear. The fact that it is usually depicted reclining peacefully eating bamboo, as opposed to hunting, also adds to its image of innocence.