Olympic Oath

The athlete, from team of the organising country, holds a corner of the Olympic Flag[?] while speaking the oath:

In the name of all competitors, I promise that we shall take part in these Olympic Games, respecting and abiding by the rules that govern them, in the true spirit of sportsmanship, for the glory of sport and the honor of our teams, committing ourselves to a sport without doping and without drugs.

The judge, also from the home nation, does the same, but with a slighly different oath:

In the name of all the judges and officials, I promise that we shall officiate in these Olympic Games with complete impartiality, respecting and abiding by the rules which govern them in the true spirit of sportsmanship.

History

The Olympic Oath, written by Pierre de Coubertin was first taken by an athlete at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp. The first judge's oath was taken at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

The text of the oath has slightly changed over the years. Victor Boin[?]'s oath in 1920 was

We swear that we will take part in the Olympic Games in a spirit of chivalry, for the honor of our country and for the glory of sport.

Later, "swear" was replaced by "promise" and "country" by "team". The last part of the final sentence, concerning doping, was added at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

Speakers

The athletes and judges that have taken the Olympic Oath are listed below. As the equestrian events in 1956 were held in Stockholm, there were two speakers of the Olympic Oath in that year.