October 19

October 19 is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 74 days remaining.

Events

• 202 BC - Battle of Zama, resulting in the defeat of Carthage and Hannibal
• 439 -- The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in North Africa.
• 1781 -- Major General Lord Charles Cornwallis surrendered to George Washington and Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeure, Comte de Rochambeau[?] at Yorktown, Virginia, ending the American Revolutionary War.
• 1812 - Napoleon I of France retreats from Moscow
• 1849 - Elizabeth Blackwell becomes first female physician in the United States
• 1864 - Battle of Cedar Creek[?] - Union Army under Philip Sheridan destroys Confederate Army under Jubal Early
• 1864 - Confederate raiders launch an attack on St. Alban's, Vermont[?] from Canada
• 1873 -- Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Rutgers universities draft the first code of American football rules.
• 1912 - Italy takes possession of Tripoli, Libya from the Ottoman Empire
• 1933 - Germany withdraws from the League of Nations
• 1944 - United States forces land in the Philippines
• 1949 -- The Peoples Republic of China is formally proclaimed.
• 1960 - Mauretania gains independence from France
• 1973 -- President Richard Nixon rejects an Appeals Court demand to turn over the Watergate tapes.
• 1982 - John DeLorean arrested for trafficking in cocaine
• 1987 -- In retaliation for Iranian attacks on ships in the Persian Gulf, the U.S. Navy disables three of Iran's offshore oil platforms[?].
• 1987 -- (Black Monday) Dow Jones Industrial Average falls by 22%.

Births

• 1784 - John McLoughlin, Hudson's Bay Company Factor
• 1885 - Charles Merrill[?], investment banker (+ 1956)
• 1910 - Jean Genet, author (+ 1986)
• 1918 - Louis Althusser, French Marxist philosopher
• 1922 - Jack Anderson[?], political columnist[?]
• 1931 - John Le Carré[?], novelist
• 1932 - Robert Reed, actor (+ 1992)
• 1935 - Tony Lo Bianco[?], actor
• 1937 - Peter Max, pop artist
• 1944 - Peter Tosh, musician
• 1945 - Divine, actor (+ 1988)
• 1945 - John Lithgow[?], actor
• 1947 - Giorgio Cavazzano, comics artist and illustrator
• 1951 - Patricia Ireland[?], President of the National Organization for Women[?]
• 1962 - Evander Holyfield, boxing champion
• 1966 - Jon Favreau[?], actor, writer, director
• 1969 - Trey Parker[?], cartoonist, comedian, writer, actor
• 1972 - Pras[?], musician
• 1973 - Jeremy Jordan[?], actor, singer

Deaths

• 1745 - Jonathan Swift, author
• 1889 - King Louis of Portugal
• 1943 - Camille Claudel, French sculptor
• 1950 - Edna St. Vincent Millay, poet
• 1973 - Walt Kelly, cartoonist
• 1987 - Jacqueline Du Pre, cellist
• 1988 - Son House, blues musician
• 1994 - Martha Raye[?], comedienne, actress

Holidays

• Roman Empire - Armilustrium[?] in honor of Mars

October 18 - October 20 - November 19 - September 19 - more historical anniversaries