Semyon Alekseyevich Lavochkin (1900 - June 9, 1960) was a Sovietaircraft designer, born in Smolensk, Russia, responsible for several important fighter aircraft in World War II. His fortunes faded after the war, his aircraft consistently placing second in competitions with other design bureaux, notably that of Artem Ivanovich Mikoyan, and upon his death his design bureau was closed.
... led to a growing desire for independence amongst Brazilians and in 1822 the then prince-regent Dom Pedro I established the independent Empire of Brazil. This lasted ...