Los Angeles Dodgers

The Los Angeles Dodgers are a Major League Baseball team based in Los Angeles, California.

Founded: 1883, as a member of the minor Inter-State League. The team moved up to the American Association in 1884 and transferred to the National League in 1890.

Formerly known as: Brooklyn Dodgers, 1932 to 1957, after which the team moved to Los Angeles for the 1958 season.

Prior to declaring "Dodgers" the team nickname in 1932, sportswriters applied a number of nicknames to the club. They were known in various newspapers, and at various times, as the Bridegrooms (after several players married prior to the 1888 season), the Superbas (under manager Ned Hanlon -- "Hanlon's Superbas" was the name of an acrobatic troup popular at the time), the Robins (after Wilbert Robinson, manager from 1914 through 1931) and the Trolley Dodgers -- originally a pejorative term for Brooklyn residents, later adopted and shortened.

Home ballpark: Ebbets Field[?] (1912-1957); Los Angeles Coliseum[?] (1958-1961), Dodger Stadium (1962-present).

Uniform colors: "Dodger blue" and White; some Red

Logo design: a cursive "Dodgers" superimposed over a red streaming baseball

League pennants won: AA 1889; NL 1890, 1899, 1900, 1916, 1920, 1941, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1959, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1974, 1977, 1978, 1981, 1988.

World Series championships won: 1955, 1959, 1963, 1965, 1981, 1988.

Franchise history

The Brooklyn years (through 1957)

• Upon switching leagues in 1890, the franchise became the only one in MLB history to win pennants in different leagues in consecutive years.
• Manager Wilbert Robinson, popularly known as "Uncle Robbie", restored the Brooklyn team to respectability, winning pennants in 1916 and 1920 and contending perennially for several seasons. Upon assuming the title of president, however, Robinson's ability to focus on the field declined, and the teams of the late 1920s became known as the "Daffiness Boys" for their distracted, error-ridden style of play. After his removal as club president, Robinson returned to managing and the club's performance rebounded somewhat.
• It was during this era that Willard Mullin[?], perhaps the finest cartoonist the sporting press has ever known, fixed the Dodgers forever with the loveable nickname of "Dem Bums" - when, after hearing his cab driver ask "So how did those bums do today?" Mullin decided to sketch an exaggerated version of famed circus clown Emmett R. Kelly, Jr.[?] to represent the Dodgers in his much-praised cartoons in the New York World-Telegram. Both the image and the nickname caught on, so much so that many a Dodger yearbook cover featured a Willard Mullin illustration with the Brooklyn Bum.
• Perhaps the highlight game of the Daffiness Boys era came, interestingly enough, well after Wilbert Robinson had left the dugout. Managed now by Casey Stengel (who played for the Dodgers in the 1910s), the 1934 Dodgers rankled when New York Giants manager Bill Terry[?] - asked about the coming pennant race at the previous winter's baseball meetings - cracked infamously, "Is Brooklyn still in the league?" At season's end, the Giants were tied with the Saint Louis Cardinals for the pennant with the Giants needing to beat the Dodgers two games to stay alive. Stengel led the Dodgers to the Polo Grounds[?] for the showdown and beat the Giants twice to knock them out of the pennant as the soon-to-be-nicknamed "Gas House Gang" nailed the pennant cold by beating the Cincinnati Reds the same two days.
• Batting helmets[?] were introduced to Major League Baseball by the Dodgers in 1941
• The only Brooklyn World Series title came in 1955. Rebuilt into a contending club first by Larry MacPhail[?] and then the legendary Branch Rickey[?], the Dodgers won pennants in 1941, 1947, 1949, 1952, and 1953. In all five of those World Series, however, they proved unable to overcome the New York Yankees. Then, in 1955, the long-cried slogan "Wait 'till next year" became "This year is next year!" The fabled "Boys of Summer" Dodgers - despite their actual peak years having just passed - shot down the Bronx Bombers in seven games, led by the first class pitching of young lefthander Johnny Podres[?], whose key pitch was a changeup known as "pulling down the lampshade" because of the arm motion used right when the ball was released. Podres won two Series games including the deciding seventh, which turned on a spectacular double play that began with left fielder Sandy Amoros[?] running down Yogi Berra's long fly, then throwing perfectly to shortstop Pee Wee Reese, who doubled up a surprised Gil McDougald[?] at first base to preserve the Dodger lead.

The end of the color line

• Jackie Robinson

The move to California

• The myth: cold-hearted Walter O'Malley[?] just up and yanked Dem Bums off for California gold.
• The fact: Walter O'Malley was nobody's saint, but neither was he just off on a gold rush. He sought as early as 1952 to buy new land in Brooklyn to build a more accessible and better arrayed ballpark than Ebbets Field. Beloved as it was, Ebbets Field had grown old before her time, to the point where the most pennant-competitive team in the National League couldn't sell the park out even in the heat of a pennant race. New York building czar Robert Moses[?], however, sought to all but jam a site in Flushing Meadows, Queens, down O'Malley's throat - a site featuring a city-built, city-owned park, Moses making it plain enough that he had no intention of allowing any privately-built, privately owned baseball stadiums in his New York. Only when he realized he wasn't going to be allowed to buy any fresh land in Brooklyn did Walter O'Malley begin thinking elsewhere.
• For their part, Los Angeles itself wasn't even thinking of the Dodgers when city fathers attended the 1955 World Series looking to entice a team to move to the City of Angels - their original target had been the Washington Senators! But when he realized he'd need a contingency in case, at long last, Moses and New York's notoriously gamesmanship-addicted politicians refused to let him build a new Dodger home in Brooklyn, O'Malley sent word to the Los Angeles officials at the Series that he was interested in talking. Los Angeles offered him what New York refused him: a chance to buy land suitable for building a new ballpark. That the Dodgers left Brooklyn heartbroken is undisputable; that Walter O'Malley did it deliberately is not.

The Los Angeles years (1958 to present)

Players of note

Baseball Hall of Famers:

• Dave Bancroft[?]
• Dan Brouthers[?]
• Jim Bunning
• Roy Campanella
• Max Carey[?]
• Don Drysdale[?]
• Leo Durocher[?]
• Burleigh Grimes
• Billy Herman[?]
• Waite Hoyt[?]
• Hughie Jennings[?]
• Willie Keeler
• Joe Kelley[?]
• George Kelly[?]
• Sandy Koufax
• Tommy Lasorda[?]
• Tony Lazzeri[?]
• Freddy Lindstrom[?]
• Ernie Lombardi[?]
• Al Lopez[?]
• Heinie Manush[?]
• Rabbit Maranville[?]
• Juan Marichal[?]
• Rube Marquard[?]
• Tommy McCarthy[?]
• Joe McGinnity[?]
• Joe Medwick[?]
• Pee Wee Reese
• Jackie Robinson
• Frank Robinson
• Duke Snider[?]
• Casey Stengel
• Don Sutton[?]
• Dazzy Vance[?]
• Arky Vaughan[?]
• Paul Waner[?]
• Lloyd Waner[?]
• John Ward[?]
• Zack Wheat[?]
• Hoyt Wilhelm
• Hack Wilson[?]

Current stars:

• Kevin Brown[?]
• Eric Gagne[?]
• Shawn Green[?]
• Mark Grudzielanek[?]
• Paul Lo Duca[?]
• Hideo Nomo

Not to be forgotten:

• Jake Daubert[?] (NL Chalmers Award, 1913)
• Charley Dressen[?] (manager, 1951-53)
• Carl Erskine[?] (pitcher, 1948-59)
• Carl Furillo[?] (right fielder, 1947-60)
• Steve Garvey[?] (NL MVP, 1974)
• Gil Hodges
• Van Lingle Mungo[?] (pitcher, 1930s)
• Don Newcombe[?] (Cy Young Award, 1956)
• Preacher Roe[?]
• Nap Rucker[?]
• Burt (Barney) Shotton[?], manager (1947, 1948-50)
• Casey Stengel (manager, 1934-36)

Retired numbers:

• 19 Jim Gilliam[?]
• 32 Sandy Koufax
• 39 Roy Campanella
• 42 Jackie Robinson
• 53 Don Drysdale[?]

Recommended Reading

Red Barber, Rhubarb in the Catbird Seat
Robert W. Creamer, Stengel: His Life and Times
Peter Golenbock, Bums: An Oral History of the Brooklyn Dodgers
Harvey Froemmer, New York City Baseball
Roger Kahn, The Boys of Summer and The Era.
Jackie Robinson, I Never Had It Made
Neil J. Sullivan, The Dodgers Move West

Los Angeles Dodgers official web site (http://losangeles.dodgers.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/la/homepage/la_homepage.jsp)