In philosophy, substance means, approximately, that element of an object without which it would not exist. In the millennia-old Aristotelian tradition[?], as well as early modern[?] traditions that follow it, substances are treated as having attributes[?] and modes[?].
... effect is extreme in the treatment of depression. Some studies show up to 80% of people will report an improvement in their condition after taking a sugar pill.
False hope. ...