in China. The period is divided into the Northern Song (until
) in which the Song controlled both Northern and Southern China and when the capital was in
. Because Chinese diplomatic theory did not recognize relations between equal states, the Southern Song was technically a tributary state of the northern dynasty.
Song dynasty 960-1279
| Temple Names ( Miao Hao 廟號 miao4 hao4) |
Posthumous Names ( Shi Hao 諡號 ) |
Born Names |
Period of Reigns |
Era Names (Nian Hao 年號) and their according range of years |
| Convention: "Song" + temple name or posthumous name except last emperor who was revered as Song Di Bing[?] (宋帝昺 song4 di4 bing3) |
| Bei (Northern) Song dynasty, 960- 1127 |
| Tai Zu|太祖 tai4 zu3 |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Kuang Yin|趙匡胤 zhao4 kuang1 yin4 |
960-976 |
Jianlong (建隆 jian4 long2) 960-963
Qiande (乾德 qian2 de2) 963-968
Kaibao (開寶 kai1 bao3) 968-976
|
| Tai Zong (太宗 tai4 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Kuang Yi|趙匡義 zhao4 kuang1 yi4 or Zhao Guang Yi|趙光義 zhao4 guang1 yi4 |
976-997 |
Taipingxingguo (太平興國 tai4 ping2 xing1 guo2) 976-984
Yongxi (雍熙 yong1 xi1) 984-987
Duangong (端拱 duan1 gong3) 988-989
Chunhua (淳化 chun2 hua4) 990-994
Zhidao (至道 zhi4 dao4) 995-997
|
| Zhen Zong (真宗 zhen1 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Heng|趙恆 zhao4 heng2 |
997-1022 |
Xianping (咸平 xian2 ping2) 998-1003
Jingde (景德 jing3 de2) 1004-1007
Dazhongxiangfu (大中祥符 da4 zhong1 xiang2 fu2) 1008-1016
Tianxi (天禧 tian1 xi1) 1017-1021
Qianxing (乾興 qian2 xing1) 1022
|
| Ren Zong (仁宗 ren2 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Zhen|趙禎 zhao4 zhen1 |
1022-1063 |
Tiansheng (天聖 tian1 sheng4) 1023-1032
Mingdao (明道ming2 dao4) 1032-1033
Jingyou (景祐 jing3 you4) 1034-1038
Baoyuan (寶元 bao3 yuan2) 1038-1040
Kangding (康定 kang1 ding4) 1040-1041
Qingli (慶曆 qing4 li4) 1041-1048
Huangyou (皇祐 huang2 you4) 1049-1054
Zhihe (至和 zhi4 he2) 1054-1056
Jiayou (嘉祐 jia1 you4) 1056-1063
|
| Ying Zong (英宗 ying1 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Shu|趙曙 zhao4 shu4 |
1063-1067 |
Zhiping (治平 zhi4 ping2) 1064-1067
|
| Shen Zong (神宗 shen2 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Xu|趙頊 zhao4 xu1 |
1067-1085 |
Xining (熙寧 xi1 ning2) 1068-1077
Yuanfeng (元豐 yuan2 feng1) 1078-1085
|
| Zhe Zong (哲宗 zhe2 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign | Zhao Xu|趙煦 zhao4 xu3 |
1085-1100 |
Yuanyou (元祐 yuan2 you4) 1086-1094
Shaosheng (紹聖 shao4 sheng4) 1094-1098
Yuanfu (元符 yuan2 fu2) 1098-1100
|
| Hui Zong (徽宗 hui1 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Ji|趙佶 zhao4 ji2 |
1100-1125 |
Jianzhongjingguo (建中靖國 jian4 zhong1 jing4 guo2) 1101
Chongning (崇寧 chong2 ning2) 1102-1106
Daguan (大觀 da4 guan1) 1107-1110
Zhenghe (政和 zheng4 he2) 1111-1118
Chonghe (重和 chong2 he2) 1118-1119
Xuanhe (宣和 xuan1 he2) 1119-1125
|
| Qin Zong (欽宗 qin1 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Huan|趙桓 zhao4 huan2 |
1125-1127 |
Jingkang (靖康 jing4 kang1) 1126-1127
|
| Nan (Southern) Song dynasty, 1127- 1279 |
| Gao Zong (高宗 gao1 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Gou|趙構 zhao4 gou4 |
1127-1162 |
Jianyan (靖炎 jing4 yan2) 1127-1130
Shaoxing (紹興 shao4 xing1) 1131-1162
|
| Xiao Zong (孝宗 xiao4 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Shen|趙慎 zhao4 shen4 |
1162-1189 |
Longxing (隆興 long2 xing1) 1163-1164
Qiandao (乾道 qian2 dao4) 1165-1173
Chunxi (淳熙 chun2 xi1) 1174-1189
|
| Guang Zong (光宗 guang1 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Dun|趙惇 zhao4 dun1 |
1189-1194 |
Shaoxi (紹熙 chun2 xi1) 1190-1194
|
| Ning Zong (寧宗 ning2 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Kuo|趙擴 zhao4 kuo4 |
1194-1224 |
Qingyuan (慶元 qing4 yuan2) 1195-1200
Jiakai (嘉泰 jia1 kai4) 1201-1204
Kaixi (開禧 kai1 xi1) 1205-1207
Jiading (嘉定 jia1 ding4) 1208-1224
|
| Li Zong (理宗 li3 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Yun|趙昀 zhao4 yun2 |
1224-1264 |
Baoqing (寶慶 bao3 qing4) 1225-1227
Shaoding (紹定 shao4 ding4) 1228-1233
Duanping (端平 duan1 ping2) 1234-1236
Jiaxi (嘉熙 jia1 xi1) 1237-1240
Chunyou (淳祐 chun2 you4) 1241-1252
Baoyou (寶祐 bao3 you4) 1253-1258
Kaiqing (開慶 kai1 qing4) 1259
Jingding (景定 jing3 ding4) 1260-1264
|
| Du Zong (度宗 du4 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Qi|趙祺 zhao4 qi2 |
1264-1274 |
Xianchun (咸淳 xian2 chun2) 1265-1274
|
| Did not exist |
Gong Di (恭帝 gong1 di4) |
Zhao Xian|趙顯 zhao4 xian3 |
1274-1276 |
Deyou (德祐 de2 you4) 1275-1276
|
| Duan Zong (端宗 duan1 zong1) |
Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign |
Zhao Shi|趙是 zhao4 shi4 |
1276-1278 |
Jingyan (景炎 jing3 yan2) 1276-1278
|
| Did not exist |
Di (帝 di4) or Wei Wang (衛王 wei4 wang2) |
Zhao Bing|趙昺 zhao4 bing3 |
1278-1279 |
Xiangxing (祥興 xiang2 xing1) 1278-1279
|
