There are many different numbering schemes for assigning numbers to entities. These generally require an agreed set of rules, or a central coordinator.
Numbering schemes include:
The E.164 numbering plan for telephone numbers, including:
... 11,767 people, 3,808 households, and 2,974 families residing in the town. The population density is 2,391.2/km² (6,199.1/mi²). There are 3,883 housing units ...