West Germanic language

The other families of Germanic are North Germanic and Gothic.

Family tree

Note that divisions between subfamilies of Germanic are rarely precisely defined; most form continuous clines[?], with adjacent dialects being mutually intelligible and more separated ones not.

• English (descending from Anglo-Saxon)
  • Modern English (with a significant influx of French vocabulary)
  • Lowland Scots
  • Cayman Islands English[?] (not a creole)
  • Angloromani[?] (with a significant influx of Romani[?] vocabulary)
• Frisian
• [[Low German language|Low German] (descending from Old Saxon / Old Low Franconian)]
  • Low Franconian
    • Dutch
    • West Flemish
    • Afrikaans (with a significant influx of vocabulary from Malay and native African languages)
  • Low Saxon
    • Several dialects in northern Germany and the Netherlands
    • Plautdietsch (Mennonite Low German)
• High German
  • German
    • Middle German
      • East Middle German
        • Standard German
        • Lower Silesian[?]
        • Upper Saxon[?]
      • Luxembourgeois
      • West Middle German
        • Several dialects in western Germany
        • Pennsylvania German
    • Upper German
      • Alemannic[?]
        • Swiss German
        • Swabian[?]
        • Alemán Coloneiro (spoken in Venezuela)
      • Walser[?]
      • Austro-Bavarian
        • Bavarian
        • Cimbrian (with a heavy influx of Italian vocabulary)
        • Mócheno[?]
        • Hutterite German (spoken by Hutterites[?])
    • Fränkisch[?] (extinct in the 1800s)
  • Yiddish (with a significant influx of vocabulary from Hebrew and written in the Hebrew alphabet)