NCAA Division I-AA independent schools are four-year institutions whose football programs are not part of a football conference. This does not mean that I-AA independents schedule each other for competition like conference schools do. There are considerably less independent schools than in years past; many independent schools later join (or attempt to join) established conferences.
... of kidney stones through the urethra can be painful and subsequently it can lead to urethral strictures[?]
Endoscopy of the bladder via the urethra is called ...