List of Dukes of Modena

After 1597 the Este Dukes of Ferrara[?] lost control of Ferrara itself to the Papal States. They continued to rule a small state in north-central Italy, however, the Duchy of Modena. The Duchy continued in existence until 1796, when it became part of Napoleon Bonaparte's Cispadane Republic[?]. In 1814 it was restored under the Habsburg grandson of the last Este Duke, continuing until it was annexed by Piedmont-Sardinia[?] in 1859

Este Dukes of Modena, 1597-1796

• Cesare 1597-1628
• Alfonso III 1628-1644
• Francesco I 1644-1658
• Alfonso IV 1658-1662
• Francesco II 1662-1694
• Rainaldo III 1694-1737
• Francesco III 1737-1780
• Ercole III 1780-1796 (d.1803)

Habsburg Dukes of Modena, 1814-1860

• Francesco IV 1814-1846
• Francesco V 1846-1859 (d.1875)