The system is based on the concept that every transaction has a 'dual effect.' This is illustrated below.
Buying an asset;
Effect 1; The volume of fixed assets in the business increases.
Effect 2; The level of cash is reduced.
Selling stock on credit;
Effect 1; The number of trade debtors for the business increases.
Effect 2; The level of stock is reduced.
Paying a trade creditor;
Effect 1; The number of creditors for the business is reduced.
Effect 2; The amount of cash in the business is reduced.
For each transaction there will be a debit and a credit. An increase in any of the following will result in a debit:
An increase in any of the following will result in a credit:
An increase in a 'debit item,' must be accompanied by either an increase in a credit item, or a decrease in another debit item. An increase in a credit item must be accompanied by either an increase in a debit item or a decrease in another credit item.
Credit and debit items are later summarised in a balance sheet and a profit and loss account.
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