Cooperation factor: In facsimile systems, the product of the total scanning length and the scanning density, given by CF = L σ, where L is the scanning line length[?] and σ is the scanning line density, both in compatible units.
Note: For example, a 20-cm line and a line density of 6 scanning pitches per centimeter would yield a cooperation factor of 120.
... as with cyclic electron flow and driving ATP synthase.
Since the photosystem II complex replaced its lost electrons from an external source, however, these electrons are ...