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Umayyad
The Umayyad dynasty was the first dynasty of caliphs ("successors") of the Prophet Muhammad who were not closely related to Muhammad, though they were of the same Meccan clan.
Muawiyah had been the governor of Syria under the 3rd and 4th caliphs, Uthman and Ali Ben Abu Talib.
The Umayyads were overthrown in the east by the Abbasid dynasty. An Umayyad prince, Abd-ar-rahman I, took over the Muslim territory in Spain and founded a new Umayyad dynasty there.
The Umayyad Caliphs
- Muawiyah I ibn Abu Sufyan, 661-680
- Yazid I[?] ibn Muawiyah, 680-683
- Muawiya II[?] ibn Yazid, 683-684
- Marwan I[?], 684-685
- Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, 685-705
- al-Walid I[?] ibn Abd al-Malik, 705-715
- Sulayman[?] ibn Abd al-Malik, 715-717
- Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz[?], 717-720
- Yazid II[?] ibn Abd al-Malik, 720-724
- Hisham[?] ibn Abd al-Malik, 724-743
- al-Walid II[?] ibn Abd al-Malik, 743-744
- Yazid III[?] ibn Abd al-Malik, 744
- Ibrahim ibn Abd al-Malik, 744
- Marwan II[?], 744-750
Umayyad Emirs of Cordoba
- Abd-ar-rahman I, 756-788
- Hisham I[?], 788-796
- Al-Hakam I[?], 796-822
- Abd-ar-rahman II, 822-852
- Mohammed I, 852-886
- Al-Mundhir[?], 886-888
- Abdullah[?], 888-912
- Abd-ar-rahman III, 912-929
Umayyad Caliphs of Cordoba
- Abd-ar-rahman III, 929-961
- Al-Hakam II[?], 961-976
- Hisham II[?], 976-1008
- Mohammed II, 1008-1009
- Sulayman, 1009-1010
- Hisham II[?], restored, 1010-1012
- Sulayman, restored, 1012-1017
- Abd-ar-rahman IV, 1021-1022
- Abd-ar-rahman V, 1022-1023
- Mohammed III, 1023-1024
- Hisham III[?], 1027-1031
see History of Islam
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