Encyclopedia > Tobacco mosaic virus

  Article Content

Tobacco mosaic virus

The Tobacco mosaic virus (abbreviated TMV) is an RNA-virus that infects plants, especially tobacco, showing characteristic patterns (mottling and discolouration) on the leaves (thus the name). TMV was the first virus to be discovered.

In 1883 Adolf Mayer[?] first described the disease that could be transferred between plants, similar to bacterial infection. However, in 1889, Martinus Beijerinck showed that a filtered, bacteria-free culture medium still contained the infectious agent. First concrete evidence for its existence was given by Dmitri Ivanowski[?] in 1892. In 1935, Wendell Meredith Stanley[?] crystallized the virus for electron microscopy and showed that it remains active even afer crystallization. For his work, he was awarded 1/4 of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1946. In 1955, Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat and Robley Williams[?] showed that purified TMV RNA and its capsid (coat) protein assemble by themselves to functional viruses, indicating that this is the most stable structure (the one with the lowest free energy), and likely the natural assembly mechanism within the host cell.

Tobacco mosaic virus has a rod-like appearance. Its capsid is made from a single protein that assembles itself around the viral RNA in a helical structure (16.3 proteins per helix turn).

TMV's RNA sequence has been published in "American Chemical Society's Chemical Abstracts" in 1972 as a single word, Acetylseryltyrosylserylisol...serine, which supposedly is the longest word in the English language.

External links



All Wikipedia text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License

 
  Search Encyclopedia

Search over one million articles, find something about almost anything!
 
 
  
  Featured Article
Bugatti

... prices as high as US$10 million. The best-known collectors of Bugatti were Hans and Fritz Schlumpf, two brothers who ran a textiles business in Mulhouse[?], close to ...

 
 
 
This page was created in 43.5 ms