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Thiamin

Thiamin, also known as Vitamin B1 has the chemical formula (when isolated in the chloride form):

C12H17ClN4OS·HCl

It is colourless, soluble in water, and insoluble in alcohol. It decomposes if heated too much.

The mononitrate looks like this:

Thiamin pyrophosphate is a coenzyme of pyruvate dehydrogenase[?], α-ketoglutaran dehydrogenase[?], and transketolase[?]. Because the first two of these enzymes are important in the metabolism of carbohydrates, thiamin deficiency causes problems with it. Thiamin deficiency also causes the diseases Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome[?] and beriberi.

Commonly also spelled "thiamine".



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