Because of its ocean exposure, a high surf can form in some swell conditions. The beach is gently sloping, with fine grey sand. It is a popular surf beach for these reasons.
Sand dunes have filled the river valley behind the beach. This has made housing construction relatively easy, although flooding at the head of the valley has been a problem in the past due to the reverse slope caused by the sand dunes filling the front of the valley. This has been addressed by a flood drain.
The rocky volcanic outcrop of Cave Rock dominates the beach. There are other rocky outcrops in the area and the volcanic nature of the geology is readily apparent from several of the exposed cliffs around the valley.
A sea wall and wide esplanade have been built the length of the beach to prevent costal erosion.
The outlet of the estuary of the Avon and Heathcote[?] rivers at the western end of the beach, near another large volcanic outcrop known as Shag Rock, forms the Sumner bar off shore of Cave Rock. The Sumner bar presents a major hazard to shipping, while the fast currents, strong rips and undertows in the area can be a danger to swimmers.
Sumner School founded in 1876.
The Sumner Life Boat Institute has operated a formal life boat or similar rescue craft in the bay since 1898. The traditional name of Rescue have been applied to many of the life boats.
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