Shah is the Persian and Sanskrit term for a monarch and used by the former rulers of Persia (present-day Iran) as well as the rulers of the Sassanian Empire. Also used by ottoman turks to entitle a great hero or emperor. Probably related to russian Tzar. The English words check, checkmate and chess are all derived from shah.
... called the notwithstanding clause, by which some guarantees can be overridden through a legislative enactment limited to five years, though such an override can b ...