Pyrrolysine is an
amino acid used by some
bacteria and
archaea in
enzymes that are part of their methane-producing metabolisms. It is coded for by a UAG
codon, which is normally a stop codon named "amber" but whose meaning is modified by the presence of a specific downstream sequence which forms a loop in the
mRNA, forcing the incorporation of pyrrolysine instead of terminating transcription.
See also selenocysteine, an amino acid with a similar mechanism of encoding in other organisms.
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