Public utility

In command economies, these functions are generally performed directly by the state.

In mixed economies, public utilities are usually tightly regulated by the state to avoid the adverse effects of monopolistic private enterprise.

In some poorer countries, these functions may not be available at all.

Examples of utilities are:

• electricity generation and electricity distribution
• drinking water purification and distribution
• sewage treatment and disposal
• other waste disposal[?]
• natural gas distribution
• public transport by bus, train, etc.

See also:

• Liberalization