In telecommunications, message switching was the precursor of packet switching, where messages were routed in their entirety, one hop at a time. Message switching systems are nowadays mostly implemented over packet-switched or circuit-switched data networks[?].
Hop-by-hop Telex forwarding and UUCP are examples of message switching systems. E-mail is another example of a message switching system.
... 1944 he was betrayed and Gestapo arrested him.
Eventually Jean Moulin convinced Armee Secrete, Comte d’Action Socialiste, Francs-Tireur, Front National, and ...