Arab dynasty who claims their ancestry in Hashim (died about 500), the great-grandfather of 
Muhammad. From the 10th century onwards, the Sharif (religious leader) of 
Mecca was a Hashemite. They also ruled Hedschas from 1917-25, 
Iraq from 1921-58, and have been ruling 
Transjordan, now 
Jordan, since 1921.
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