Hard bop

Hard bop was an extension of bebop (bop) music which incorporated influences from soul music, gospel music, and blues. It used slower tempi and more complicated harmonic structures than bop, and was in part intended to be more interesting to audiences. It also was probably, as David H. Rosenthal contends in his book Hard Bop, to a large degree the natural creation of a generation of black American musicians who grew up at a time when bop and rhythm and blues were the dominant forms of black American music. Its practitioners included Art Blakey, Clifford Brown, Donald Byrd, John Coltrane, Lou Donaldson, Miles Davis, Kenny Drew, Dexter Gordon, Freddie Hubbard, Jackie McLean, Blue Mitchell, Thelonious Monk, Lee Morgan, and Horace Silver.

Website

The Hard Bop Homepage (http://members.tripod.com/~hardbop/)