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Fading

In telecommunications, fading is a change in the attenuation of a communications channel.

Examples of fading (in alphabetical order):

Rayleigh fading
Rician fading

The term "backhoe fade" is used humorously to describe the complete loss of signal that occurs in a communications cable when it is cut by a backhoe[?] or other digging work. Backhoe fade is one of the most common causes of failure in subterranean cables[?].

The equivalent phenomenon in submarine cables occurs when a cable is snagged by a fishing net or anchor.

Techniques used to overcome signal fading:

Diversity reception
Diversity transmission

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