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Endosymbiosis
Endosymbiosis describes the situation in which one organism lives within cells of another organism. The intracellular organism is called an endosymbiont (see this article for examples of endosymbionts in nature).
It is also generally believed that certain organelles of the eukaryotic cell originated as bacterial endosymbionts. This theory is known as the endosymbiotic hypothesis.
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