In telecommunication, a conservation of radiance is a basic principle of optics, that no passive optical system can increase the quantity L /n2, where L is the radiance[?] of a beam and n is the local refractive index.
Note:"Conservation of radiance" was formerly called "conservation of brightness" or the "brightness theorem."
... (see below).
Franc-Tireur[?] Left-wing group formed by Jean-Pierre Lévy[?] in Lyon in 1941. In December 1941 they began to publish Le Franc-Tireur underground ...