The name Cleves derives from the word cliff (german Kliff), as on a steep hill the Schwanenburg was founded, and where the dukes of Cleve did reside. Medieval Cleves did grow together from four parts - the castle Schwanenburg, the village below the castle, the first city of Cleves on the Heideberg hill, and the Neustadt from the 14th century. In 1242 the city received the city rights. The duchy Cleves was united with the duchy Mark from 1368, until it became extinct in 1609.
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