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In graph theory, a graph describes a set of connections between objects. Each object is called a vertex. Each connection goes between two vertices and is called an edge or arc.

A directed edge has a direction associated with it, so it is thought of as coming from one of the vertices and going to the other one. An undirected edge treats both vertices interchangeably.

Often, a real number is associated with each edge. These numbers are called weights.

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