Adolf Anderssen

Anderssen was born in Breslau, Germany and he was the world's best chess player for 15 years. He lived in Breslau for most of his life working as a professor of mathematics. He gained the title of world chess champion after winning the first great modern tournament in London in 1851. In 1866 he lost a close match to Wilhelm Steinitz (who won two clear matches) and lost his title. This historical matchup introduced a number of new techniques to the game of chess.

Anderssen is celebrated for two of his chess games in which he was victorious through combinations involving heavy sacrifices. In the first (called The Immortal), as white against Felix Kieseritzki in 1851, he sacrified a bishop, two rooks and finally his queen. In the second in Berlin, 1852, (The Evergreen) as white against Jean Dufresne, the total sacrifice was more modest, but still exceeded queen and minor piece.

His famous Anderssen's Opening has only one move: a3.