A Christmas Carol

A Christmas Carol is a fictional short story written by Charles Dickens in 1843. Originally written as a potboiler[?] to enable Dickens to pay off a debt, this story has become one of the most popular and enduring Christmas stories of all time.

The story is a Victorian morality tale[?] of an old and bitter miser, Ebenezer Scrooge, who undergoes a profound experience of redemption when he is haunted by ghosts on Christmas Eve. During the course of the night, he is visited by the spirits of "Christmas Past," "Christmas Present," and the ghost of "Christmas Yet to Come." The spirits show Scrooge moments from his life that open his eyes and make him realize that he desperately needs redemption and forgiveness from his fellow men. In the end, Scrooge changes his life and becomes a kind-hearted soul.

The story deals extensively with one of Dickens' perennial themes, that of poverty, and its causes and effects. Incidentally, the first edition of A Christmas Carol was illustrated by John Leech[?] a politically radical artist who in the cartoon Substance and Shadow printed earlier in 1843, had explicitly criticised artists who failed to address social issues.

A Christmas Carol has been adapted to movies and TV countless times. According to the Internet Movie Database, various movie adaptations of the story were filmed as early as 1910. On December 25, 1939 it was read before a CBS radio audience and this marked the first time this story was transmitted over radio. The story has also been used by successive generations of movie-makers and television directors to make their own points. In particular, many sitcoms have had episodes adapting or spoofing the story.

According to critics, the most popular and most enduring motion picture adaptation of the story was made in England in 1951. Originally titled Scrooge (and renamed to A Christmas Carol for its American theatrical release), it starred Alastair Sim as Scrooge, and was directed by Brian Desmond-Hurst[?].

Other noteworthy adaptations of the story include

• Mister Magoo's Christmas Carol (1962): featuring the UPA animated characters
• Muppet Christmas Carol[?] (1992): featuring the various Muppet characters, with Michael Caine as Scrooge.
• Mickey's Christmas Carol (1983): featuring the various Disney animated characters
• Scrooge[?] (1970): starring Albert Finney and Alec Guinness in a musical version of the story
• A 1984 TV movie of the story starring George C. Scott as Scrooge
• Scrooged[?] (1988): a remake in a contemporary setting with Bill Murray being a misanthropic TV producer who is haunted by the ghosts of Christmas. Directed by Richard Donner[?].
• Blackadder's Christmas Carol (1988):A parody where philanthropist Ebenezer Blackadder becomes a bad guy after a visit by the Spirit of Christmas.

See also Tiny Tim.

External Links

• Full text available in multiple formats (http://pdreader.org/details.asp?id=46)

• A Christmas Carol (http://www.dickens-literature.com/A_Christmas_Carol/index) - searchable, indexed e-text.